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Go to Editorial ManagerThe present work investigates the effects of drinking water on the erosion- corrosion rate and Vickers hardness of (Al-Si) and (Al-Mg-Si). (Al-Si) alloy Which is well-known as casting alloy with high wear resistance, low thermal expansion coefficient, good corrosion resistance and improved hardness at a wide range of temperatures While (Al-Mg-Si) alloys have good formability, weld ability, machine ability and corrosion resistance. The alloys specimens which are used for piping and containing water and carbonated water were exposed in erosion- corrosion system in factories by using drinking water type AQUAFINA as exposure media for different exposure time (1-30)h. to measure the erosion-corrosion rate. The results show that there is small different in the rate of corrosion, moreover (Al-Mg-Si) alloy have high resistance to erosion-corrosion in drinking water due to the consisting of (Mg2Si) phase which is precipitate as fine particles due to resist dislocations movement lead to high corrosion strength and the (Al-Si) alloy have high Vickers hardness at natural aging due to the present of high ratio hardening silicon element.
The present work investigates the effects of drinking water on the erosion- corrosion rate and Vickers hardness of (Al-Si) and (Al-Mg-Si). (Al-Si) alloy Which is well-known as casting alloy with high wear resistance, low thermal expansion coefficient, good corrosion resistance and improved hardness at a wide range of temperatures While (Al-Mg-Si) alloys have good formability, weld ability, machine ability and corrosion resistance. The alloys specimens which are used for piping and containing water and carbonated water were exposed in erosion- corrosion system in factories by using drinking water type AQUAFINA as exposure media for different exposure time (1-30)h. to measure the erosion-corrosion rate. The results show that there is small different in the rate of corrosion, moreover (Al-Mg-Si) alloy have high resistance to erosion-corrosion in drinking water due to the consisting of (Mg2Si) phase which is precipitate as fine particles due to resist dislocations movement lead to high corrosion strength and the (Al-Si) alloy have high Vickers hardness at natural aging due to the present of high ratio hardening silicon element.
The present work investigates the effects of drinking water on the erosion- corrosion rate and Vickers hardness of (Al-Si) and (Al-Mg-Si). (Al-Si) alloy Which is well-known as casting alloy with high wear resistance, low thermal expansion coefficient, good corrosion resistance and improved hardness at a wide range of temperatures While (Al-Mg-Si) alloys have good formability, weld ability, machine ability and corrosion resistance. The alloys specimens which are used for piping and containing water and carbonated water were exposed in erosion- corrosion system in factories by using drinking water type AQUAFINA as exposure media for different exposure time (1-30)h. to measure the erosion-corrosion rate. The results show that there is small different in the rate of corrosion, moreover (Al-Mg-Si) alloy have high resistance to erosion-corrosion in drinking water due to the consisting of (Mg2Si) phase which is precipitate as fine particles due to resist dislocations movement lead to high corrosion strength and the (Al-Si) alloy have high Vickers hardness at natural aging due to the present of high ratio hardening silicon element.
The present work investigates the effects of drinking water on the erosion- corrosion rate and Vickers hardness of (Al-Si) and (Al-Mg-Si). (Al-Si) alloy Which is well-known as casting alloy with high wear resistance, low thermal expansion coefficient, good corrosion resistance and improved hardness at a wide range of temperatures While (Al-Mg-Si) alloys have good formability, weld ability, machine ability and corrosion resistance. The alloys specimens which are used for piping and containing water and carbonated water were exposed in erosion- corrosion system in factories by using drinking water type AQUAFINA as exposure media for different exposure time (1-30)h. to measure the erosion-corrosion rate. The results show that there is small different in the rate of corrosion, moreover (Al-Mg-Si) alloy have high resistance to erosion-corrosion in drinking water due to the consisting of (Mg2Si) phase which is precipitate as fine particles due to resist dislocations movement lead to high corrosion strength and the (Al-Si) alloy have high Vickers hardness at natural aging due to the present of high ratio hardening silicon element.
The present work investigates the effects of drinking water on the erosion- corrosion rate and Vickers hardness of (Al-Si) and (Al-Mg-Si). (Al-Si) alloy Which is well-known as casting alloy with high wear resistance, low thermal expansion coefficient, good corrosion resistance and improved hardness at a wide range of temperatures While (Al-Mg-Si) alloys have good formability, weld ability, machine ability and corrosion resistance. The alloys specimens which are used for piping and containing water and carbonated water were exposed in erosion- corrosion system in factories by using drinking water type AQUAFINA as exposure media for different exposure time (1-30)h. to measure the erosion-corrosion rate. The results show that there is small different in the rate of corrosion, moreover (Al-Mg-Si) alloy have high resistance to erosion-corrosion in drinking water due to the consisting of (Mg2Si) phase which is precipitate as fine particles due to resist dislocations movement lead to high corrosion strength and the (Al-Si) alloy have high Vickers hardness at natural aging due to the present of high ratio hardening silicon element.
The present work investigates the effects of drinking water on the erosion- corrosion rate and Vickers hardness of (Al-Si) and (Al-Mg-Si). (Al-Si) alloy Which is well-known as casting alloy with high wear resistance, low thermal expansion coefficient, good corrosion resistance and improved hardness at a wide range of temperatures While (Al-Mg-Si) alloys have good formability, weld ability, machine ability and corrosion resistance. The alloys specimens which are used for piping and containing water and carbonated water were exposed in erosion- corrosion system in factories by using drinking water type AQUAFINA as exposure media for different exposure time (1-30)h. to measure the erosion-corrosion rate. The results show that there is small different in the rate of corrosion, moreover (Al-Mg-Si) alloy have high resistance to erosion-corrosion in drinking water due to the consisting of (Mg2Si) phase which is precipitate as fine particles due to resist dislocations movement lead to high corrosion strength and the (Al-Si) alloy have high Vickers hardness at natural aging due to the present of high ratio hardening silicon element.
The present work investigates the effects of drinking water on the erosion- corrosion rate and Vickers hardness of (Al-Si) and (Al-Mg-Si). (Al-Si) alloy Which is well-known as casting alloy with high wear resistance, low thermal expansion coefficient, good corrosion resistance and improved hardness at a wide range of temperatures While (Al-Mg-Si) alloys have good formability, weld ability, machine ability and corrosion resistance. The alloys specimens which are used for piping and containing water and carbonated water were exposed in erosion- corrosion system in factories by using drinking water type AQUAFINA as exposure media for different exposure time (1-30)h. to measure the erosion-corrosion rate. The results show that there is small different in the rate of corrosion, moreover (Al-Mg-Si) alloy have high resistance to erosion-corrosion in drinking water due to the consisting of (Mg2Si) phase which is precipitate as fine particles due to resist dislocations movement lead to high corrosion strength and the (Al-Si) alloy have high Vickers hardness at natural aging due to the present of high ratio hardening silicon element.
The present work investigates the effects of drinking water on the erosion- corrosion rate and Vickers hardness of (Al-Si) and (Al-Mg-Si). (Al-Si) alloy Which is well-known as casting alloy with high wear resistance, low thermal expansion coefficient, good corrosion resistance and improved hardness at a wide range of temperatures While (Al-Mg-Si) alloys have good formability, weld ability, machine ability and corrosion resistance. The alloys specimens which are used for piping and containing water and carbonated water were exposed in erosion- corrosion system in factories by using drinking water type AQUAFINA as exposure media for different exposure time (1-30)h. to measure the erosion-corrosion rate. The results show that there is small different in the rate of corrosion, moreover (Al-Mg-Si) alloy have high resistance to erosion-corrosion in drinking water due to the consisting of (Mg2Si) phase which is precipitate as fine particles due to resist dislocations movement lead to high corrosion strength and the (Al-Si) alloy have high Vickers hardness at natural aging due to the present of high ratio hardening silicon element.
The present work investigates the effects of drinking water on the erosion- corrosion rate and Vickers hardness of (Al-Si) and (Al-Mg-Si). (Al-Si) alloy Which is well-known as casting alloy with high wear resistance, low thermal expansion coefficient, good corrosion resistance and improved hardness at a wide range of temperatures While (Al-Mg-Si) alloys have good formability, weld ability, machine ability and corrosion resistance. The alloys specimens which are used for piping and containing water and carbonated water were exposed in erosion- corrosion system in factories by using drinking water type AQUAFINA as exposure media for different exposure time (1-30)h. to measure the erosion-corrosion rate. The results show that there is small different in the rate of corrosion, moreover (Al-Mg-Si) alloy have high resistance to erosion-corrosion in drinking water due to the consisting of (Mg2Si) phase which is precipitate as fine particles due to resist dislocations movement lead to high corrosion strength and the (Al-Si) alloy have high Vickers hardness at natural aging due to the present of high ratio hardening silicon element.
The present work investigates the effects of drinking water on the erosion- corrosion rate and Vickers hardness of (Al-Si) and (Al-Mg-Si). (Al-Si) alloy Which is well-known as casting alloy with high wear resistance, low thermal expansion coefficient, good corrosion resistance and improved hardness at a wide range of temperatures While (Al-Mg-Si) alloys have good formability, weld ability, machine ability and corrosion resistance. The alloys specimens which are used for piping and containing water and carbonated water were exposed in erosion- corrosion system in factories by using drinking water type AQUAFINA as exposure media for different exposure time (1-30)h. to measure the erosion-corrosion rate. The results show that there is small different in the rate of corrosion, moreover (Al-Mg-Si) alloy have high resistance to erosion-corrosion in drinking water due to the consisting of (Mg2Si) phase which is precipitate as fine particles due to resist dislocations movement lead to high corrosion strength and the (Al-Si) alloy have high Vickers hardness at natural aging due to the present of high ratio hardening silicon element.
The present work investigates the effects of drinking water on the erosion- corrosion rate and Vickers hardness of (Al-Si) and (Al-Mg-Si). (Al-Si) alloy Which is well-known as casting alloy with high wear resistance, low thermal expansion coefficient, good corrosion resistance and improved hardness at a wide range of temperatures While (Al-Mg-Si) alloys have good formability, weld ability, machine ability and corrosion resistance. The alloys specimens which are used for piping and containing water and carbonated water were exposed in erosion- corrosion system in factories by using drinking water type AQUAFINA as exposure media for different exposure time (1-30)h. to measure the erosion-corrosion rate. The results show that there is small different in the rate of corrosion, moreover (Al-Mg-Si) alloy have high resistance to erosion-corrosion in drinking water due to the consisting of (Mg2Si) phase which is precipitate as fine particles due to resist dislocations movement lead to high corrosion strength and the (Al-Si) alloy have high Vickers hardness at natural aging due to the present of high ratio hardening silicon element.
The present work investigates the effects of drinking water on the erosion- corrosion rate and Vickers hardness of (Al-Si) and (Al-Mg-Si). (Al-Si) alloy Which is well-known as casting alloy with high wear resistance, low thermal expansion coefficient, good corrosion resistance and improved hardness at a wide range of temperatures While (Al-Mg-Si) alloys have good formability, weld ability, machine ability and corrosion resistance. The alloys specimens which are used for piping and containing water and carbonated water were exposed in erosion- corrosion system in factories by using drinking water type AQUAFINA as exposure media for different exposure time (1-30)h. to measure the erosion-corrosion rate. The results show that there is small different in the rate of corrosion, moreover (Al-Mg-Si) alloy have high resistance to erosion-corrosion in drinking water due to the consisting of (Mg2Si) phase which is precipitate as fine particles due to resist dislocations movement lead to high corrosion strength and the (Al-Si) alloy have high Vickers hardness at natural aging due to the present of high ratio hardening silicon element.
The present work investigates the effects of drinking water on the erosion- corrosion rate and Vickers hardness of (Al-Si) and (Al-Mg-Si). (Al-Si) alloy Which is well-known as casting alloy with high wear resistance, low thermal expansion coefficient, good corrosion resistance and improved hardness at a wide range of temperatures While (Al-Mg-Si) alloys have good formability, weld ability, machine ability and corrosion resistance. The alloys specimens which are used for piping and containing water and carbonated water were exposed in erosion- corrosion system in factories by using drinking water type AQUAFINA as exposure media for different exposure time (1-30)h. to measure the erosion-corrosion rate. The results show that there is small different in the rate of corrosion, moreover (Al-Mg-Si) alloy have high resistance to erosion-corrosion in drinking water due to the consisting of (Mg2Si) phase which is precipitate as fine particles due to resist dislocations movement lead to high corrosion strength and the (Al-Si) alloy have high Vickers hardness at natural aging due to the present of high ratio hardening silicon element.
This study focuses on evaluating the structural integrity of SA-312 Grade TP316 pipeline with various forms of corrosion defects. The corrosion defects were characterized by three distinct geometries: internal rectangular, external rectangular, and internal elliptical. The effect of defect length, width and depth on pipeline failure pressure is investigated using the finite element method ANSYS software version 21. Regression analysis is conducted to develop equations relating maximum pressure to defect dimensions. The results show good agreement between the finite element results, experimental data, theoretical predictions, and design codes, with an error rate ranging from 3.98% to 17.79%. Failure pressure was found to be highly sensitive to corrosion dimensions, but the depth of corrosion has a greater impact on the failure pressure. Furthermore, it was observed that internal corrosion poses a greater threat to pipeline integrity than external corrosion.
The enormous volume of crude oil that needs to be transported results from the growing demand for petroleum. One of the most practical ways to move crude oil is via pipelines. This paper's primary objective is to examine the effects of sulphur, one of the components of crude oil, on welded pipes (API 5L X60, X46, and X42 pipes as well as ASTM A106 pipes). It also aims to show how sulphur content influences different kinds of pipes separately from the other important components of crude oil. The sulphur content of crude oil is determined using the TR-TCXRF equipment. The corrosion rates of welded pipes in four immersion solutions (Different percentages of sulphur content) were computed using weight loss. The samples' corrosion characteristics were assessed morphologically using an optical microscope (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Petroleum welded pipelines' mechanical qualities and resistance to corrosion are significantly impacted by sulphur; an increase in sulphur concentration resulted in a higher rate of corrosion and a decrease in mechanical properties. Among all the welded pipes utilized in the paper, the API 5L X60 welded pipe had the highest corrosion rate, whereas X46 welded pipe was more corrosion-resistant than X46 and X42 in API 5L-type pipes and ASTM A106 pipe.
Zinc and its alloy coatings are commonly used to provide cathodic protection for weathering steel. However, the steel substrate corrodes faster than the Zinc coating because of the coating's negative corrosion potential. Many studies have examined Zinc and alloy coatings' resistance to corrosion. Hot-dip galvanizing, Electrodeposition, and Zinc-rich coat (ZRC) spray are just some of the methods that can be used to deposit such coatings. Commercially available 99.95 % pure Zinc oxide was used in the electroplating process in this investigation. Steel samples were plated in Zinc sulphate and Zinc oxide solutions and were controlled by different bath parameters such as voltage, current, pH, temperature, and coating time. The addition of hexagonal Boron Nitride (h-BN) nanoparticles has also shown significant improvements in corrosion resistance. However, Zinc-based coating techniques reinforced with h-BN incorporation show the best corrosion current density ( I corr ) of Hot dip 2 % wt. (2.1 µA/cm 2 ), ZRC 2.5 % wt., (4.4 µA/cm 2 ), and electroplating 15.75 g/L (0.081 µA/cm 2 ), which is an order of magnitude lower than coatings without h-BNs. The corrosion rates and current densities of Zn/h-BN coated layers were investigated in a controlled laboratory environment that mimicked natural conditions (Rainwater solution) by extrapolating polarization curves.
The present study aims to investigate the influence of heat treatment and surface finish on the behavior of crevice corrosion resistance of AISI 410 and 416 martensitic stainless steels thus, to quantify the conditions at which crevice corrosion minimize as possible. The experimental work carried out during this study involves material selection, chemical composition tests, specimens preparation before heat treatments, austenitizing at temperature range (925-1010˚C) and for holding time periods of (30, 45 and 90 min), air and oil quenching followed by tempering at heating range of (205- 605 ̊C) and for 45 min, micro hardness tests, specimens grinding, surface roughness measurements, crevice corrosion tests, crevice evaluation and microstructure tests. Theoretically, empirical equations for crevice maximum depth under the effect of surface roughness and hardness for both AISI 410 and 416 steels were determined. While for microstructure analysis, carbides average area was determined by using the ImageJ analysis program and a mathematical model was also predicted. Results showed that, as hardness and surface roughness increase crevice corrosion resistance decreases. Therefore, material treated by annealing can minimize crevice corrosion rates more than that treated with hardening.
In this research, the effect of seawater environments and surface roughness on uniform corrosion rate of carbon steel (A516 grade 65) was studied depending on the experimental work and artificial neural network modeling. The experimental work involves chemical composition, samples machining, roughness measurements (for carbon steel specimens), conductivity and salinity measurements (for seawater), and uniform corrosion test. Weight loss technique was employed in determining the uniform corrosion rate in carbon steel material. Also, artificial neural network (ANN) model was built to predict the values of uniform corrosion rate (mpy) at different values of conductivity, salinity for seawater and roughness factor for carbon steel depending on the experimental results which were used train and test the ANN. The results obtained of uniform corrosion rate by ANN predictions are shown to be agreed well against experimental values. i.e. correlation coefficient, R=0.9974
The effect of different dosages of the high range water reducing admixture–additive- (HRWRA), the commercially polymeric material (Plastocrete-N), on the corrosion resistance of embedded steel in concrete exposed to chloride solution in the absence and presence of sulfate ions was studied. In the present study, four levels of polymeric material (Plastocrete-N) (0.125%, 0.250%, 0.375%, and 0.500% by weight of cement) were used to prepare HRWRA treated concrete. The concrete specimens exposed to chloride and chloride–sulfate solutions at concentrations of (3.5% NaCl and 5% Na2SO4), at ambient temperature. The electrochemical behavior of steel in both reference and HRWRA concretes was studied under the effect of corrosive environments using corrosion measurement systems such as: a) half – cell potentials measurement system and b) accelerated corrosion test system. The results showed that a longer time of corrosion initiation (180 day) observed with 0.500% HRWRA containing concrete compared to other different HRWRA percentage including the reference concrete. It was concluded that the use of 0.500% HRWRA provided superior protection to steel reinforcement in concrete that subjected to corrosive environments. Furthermore, the steel with 0.500% HRWRA was subjected to corrosion test by mass loss, it is evident that a reduction in mass loss by about 90.2% and 85.2% in both solutions, respectively.
The aim of this paper is to reduce the corrosion rate by controlling the pH value, the polarization technique was used in this research in acidic, neutral and basic solutions. The corrosion rate was studied for carbon steel in filtered water, raw water and de-mineralized water under static condition at room temperature and 1 atm. Also, the effect of total dissolved solid (calcium, magnesium and sodium) on the corrosion rates was studies.
The current approach to cooling water treatment is to use a multi – component inhibitors. Cooling water formulations containing mixtures of inhibitors usually offer better and increased protection to ferrous metals than similar concentrations of either of the individual components. Such mixtures are synergistic in their action .But; the synergistic effects between nitrites, molybdates and inorganic phosphate were not investigated until recently. A weight loss technique was used to investigate such mixture and to optimize the concentrations of the components in the blend.Consequently; an efficient and effective blend was developed as a corrosion inhibitor for carbon steel in aerated Al–Daura refinery re-circulating cooling water in the pH range 6.75 to 7.25. The preferred concentrations of components in the multi- component inhibitor blend (as ppm ) were: (SN + SM): SHMP = 800: 20 with SN: SM weight ratio =3:2.The reduction in corrosion rate was 97.6 % .
Single roll melt spinning is a non-conventional forming process used to produce rapidly solidified thin ribbons as a near net shaper by direct casting from liquid state. In this paper, single roll made from brass with a diameter of 150 mm was used to produce rapidly solidified Al-Mg alloys ribbons. The ribbons are produced with thickness in the range of 20 to 330 µm. The results exhibited unique advantages in refining the microstructure, and modifying the mechanical properties of these ribbons. The hardness was improved to about twice the original hardness of alloy. Moreover, corrosion resistance of alloy was improved and their rate was redcued from 10.02 to 1.643 mpy for alloy type 5052 and from 6.91 to 1.943 mpy for 5083.
Co-Cr alloys are widely used in dental and medical equipment since the development of the first cast Co-Cr-Mo alloy. This is due to its high mechanical properties and high resistance to wear and corrosion. This research aims to study the effect of the fabrication method (Investment Casting and Selective Laser Melting SLM by 3D printing) and heat treatments on the mechanical and tribological properties of Co-Cr-Mo alloy. It was found that the Selective Laser Melting method in general increases the ultimate tensile strength, strain and hardness compared to the Investment Casting method. Also, solution treatment and aging reduce the strength and strain values of the SLM samples and have no obvious effect on the casting samples. The wear test shows that wear rate of casting samples is lower than that of SLM samples.