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Go to Editorial ManagerSince the 1970s, rainwater harvesting has gained more attention, specifically in semi-arid and arid areas. It is essential to take into account how much water can be collected from a single catchment site. Rainfall that has been harvested provides an alternative source of water in the northern region of Iraq. Numerous scholars have developed and executed a range of strategies and guidelines to choose appropriate locations and methods for rainwater harvesting (RWH). However, choosing the optimal method or set of rules for the choice of site is challenging. This study's primary goal was to evaluate previous research regarding the selection of appropriate RWH locations in northern Iraq by assembling a list of the most important techniques and guidelines that evolved over the previous thirty years. The primary factors considered in the process of choosing acceptable locations for RWH were soil type, slope, land use/cover, rainfall, and runoff. A literature review for RWH indicated that these criteria were chosen more frequently and significantly, and the opinions of experts should be used to establish the weight of each criterion. The majority of studies select RHW sites using geographic information systems, hydrological models, and multi-criteria analysis.
Previous concrete is a special, highly porous concrete used in applications that allow water to pass through it, such as parking areas and park walkways. In this research, three pervious concrete mixes were designed and produced by fixing all amounts of their raw materials (cement, water and gravel) but changing the gravel particle sizes as (4.75-10 mm), (10-14 mm) and (14-20 mm). by adopting 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional techniques, porosity (pore volume), compressive strength and permeability of the selected mixes were investigated. The results showed that the volumetric pore volume (3D porosity) of pervious concrete can be predicted by adopting the Image analysis technique (2D method). In addition, using smaller-sized aggregate (4.75-10 mm) helped in enhancing the pore structure, compressive strength (30% more) and permeability (80% less) of pervious concrete than using the bigger-sized aggregate (14-20 mm). Finally, it was found that the best-fitting line for both 2D and 3D porosities and permeability was an exponential model.