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Go to Editorial ManagerAdvanced applications, such as aircraft manufacturing, require sophisticated materials. Composite materials are among these advanced materials and offer several advantages, including high strength and low weight. Given that these applications experience repeated loading, studying fatigue in composite materials is essential. This paper provides a comprehensive review of fatigue failure in composite materials, focusing on the types of fatigue loads, the characteristics of composite materials, and the damage mechanisms. Additionally, we discuss modelling and simulation techniques to understand fatigue behavior and the standards necessary for conducting fatigue failure testing in composite materials. The study of fatigue in composite materials is diverse, reflecting the materials' complexity, which varies across scales. Due to composite materials' heterogeneity, numerical modelling can be challenging. It often requires numerous constants that change with various factors, which can only be determined through experimental test. As a result, studying fatigue in composite materials can be costly.
This study investigates the deep drawing process of carbon fiber-reinforced high-density polyethylene (CF-HDPE) composites through experimental and numerical approaches. The experimental part involved fabricating CF-HDPE sheets and conducting deep drawing operations under controlled parameters (punch speed, temperature, and forming depth) to evaluate material behavior and mechanical properties. Numerically, finite element analysis (FEA) using ABAQUS simulated the forming process, analyzing stress distribution, strain development, and material deformation under varying conditions. Results revealed that increasing forming depth and decreasing forming temperature elevated the required forming force. Comparisons between experimental and numerical outcomes showed consistent trends, though some differences arose due to factors like friction and material nonlinearity. The findings contribute to optimizing deep drawing processes for composite materials, enhancing manufacturing precision, and minimizing material defects.
This article provides an overview of the studies that have been conducted on the characteristics of epoxy resins containing various types of silica nanoparticles and microparticles, as well as their performance in the industrial application of functionally graded materials (FGMs). Silica nanoparticles and microparticles are used to create epoxy resins in order to improve various properties, such as thermal stability, adhesiveness, electrical conductivity, strength, modulus, and toughness. This review examines the literature that has been published in the last decade, compares the results, focuses on the mechanical and thermal properties, and discusses the changes that have resulted in improvements in those properties. Previous experimental findings are presented and contrasted to demonstrate the extent to which silica filler content contributes to improving the properties of composite materials. The findings reveal that the characteristics of epoxy compounds can be improved by adding a particular amount of silica particles. There is a correlation between an increase in the silica amount and an increase in the Young modulus of epoxy compounds, this correlation becomes stronger as the silica amount increases. Additionally, the tensile strength of epoxy compounds increases to a certain limit as the amount of silica nanoparticles increases. In contrast, the hardness of the material increases as the silica amount increases. The density of the material also increases steadily as the silica amount in the material increases. According to thermal analysis results from calorimetric research on epoxy–silica systems, the glass transition temperature increases as the silica amount increases.
In this study the powder metallurgy technique was used to prepare the composite materials using the aluminum powder as the basis metal, with the additions of the 2, 4 and 6%Wt. of ZrO2-Cu coating and mixing it manually for 15 minutes at (30-32 oC). Then the mixture are compacted at pressure 320 MPa and sintering at 640oC in the atmosphere furnace with argon gas protection. The physical properties include the green density, sintering density, porosity, and microstructure were examined for the prepared samples. X-ray analyzer was used to identify the phases changes in order to find the chemical reaction which it can be excepted occurred in the sintering samples. The result of X-Ray diffraction shows that there is new phase exist after sintering for all weight percentage.