Cover
Vol. 24 No. 2 (2024)

Published: August 31, 2024

Pages: 62-67

Original Article

Design and Implementation of an Upper Limb Prosthetic Hand Using a Pressure Sensor

Abstract

Smart prostheses hands have seen vast advancement in recent years. Amputees with upper hand loss have better access to intelligent prostheses that help them with their daily life activities. Smart prostheses however are still in development and have a few disadvantages, such as being expensive, complex, require training and being error prone in some cases. In this paper a simple, cost effective, practical upper limb prosthetic device is proposed that uses pressure sensors to acquire the action intent from the amputees. The pressure sensor serves as input signal to the Control Unit (CU). Using a selector keyboard, the amputee can choose between five predefined movements. The advantages of the proposed system compared to other prostheses using EMG, EEG, Voice is design simplicity and cost. The approximate cost of the proposed prosthetic hand is less than 200$. In addition, some of the complexities and error prone properties of the other alternatives are avoided and less probability of use fatigue is achieved.

References

  1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics: Disability and functioning, 2017. https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/disability.htm
  2. Industrial Safety and Hygiene News, Statistics on hand and arm loss, 2014. http://www.ishn.com/articles/97844statistics-on-hand-and-arm-loss
  3. M. H. Asyali, M. Yilmaz, M. Tokmakçi, K. Sedef, B. H. Aksebzeci, and R. Mittal, “Design and implementation of a voice-controlled prosthetic hand,” Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, Vol. 19, Issue 1, pp. 33-46, 2011.
  4. M. Alizadeh-Meghrazi, G. Sidhu, S. Jain, M. Stone, L. Eskandarian, A. Toossi and M. R. Popovic, “A massproducible washable smart garment with embedded textile EMG electrodes for control of myoelectric prostheses: A pilot study,” Sensors, Vol. 22, Issue 2, 2022.
  5. J. Park, J. Jeong, M. Kang et al., “Imperceptive and reusable dermal surface EMG for lower extremity neuroprosthetic control and clinical assessment,” npj Flexible Electronics, Vol. 7, Issue 1, 2023.
  6. D. Yadav and K. Veer, “Recent trends and challenges of surface electromyography in prosthetic applications,” Biomedical Engineering Letters, Vol. 13, pp. 353-373, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13534-023-00281-z
  7. G. Paddam, V. Francis, N. Kumar, “AI Control of EMG Sensor Data for 3D Printed Prosthesis Hand. In: Sharma, V. S., Dixit, U. S., A. Gupta, R. Verma, V. Sharma, (eds) Machining and Additive Manufacturing. CPIE 2023. Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer, Singapore, 2023.
  8. D. Bright, A. Nair, D. Salvekar and S. Bhisikar, “EEGbased brain controlled prosthetic arm,” 2016 Conference on Advances in Signal Processing (CASP), Pune, India, pp. 479-483, 2016.
  9. E. O. Ige, A. Adetunla, A. Awesu, and O. K. Ajayi, “Sensitivity Analysis of a Smart 3D-Printed Hand Prosthetic,” Journal of Robotics, Vol. 2022, pp. 1-9, 2022.
  10. I. A. Satam, “A comprehensive study of EEG-based control of artificial arms,” Vojnotehnički Glasnik, Vol. 71, Issue 1, pp. 9-41, 2023.
  11. R. K. Kanna, S. P. A. Surendhar, M. R. AL-Hameed, A. M. Lafta, R. Khalid and A. Hussain, “Smart Prosthetic Arm Using Cognitive Application,” 2023 3rd International Conference on Advance Computing and Innovative Technologies in Engineering (ICACITE), Greater Noida, India, pp. 1330-1334, 2023.
  12. J. Singh, F. Ali, R. Gill, B. Shah and D. Kwak, “A Survey of EEG and Machine Learning-Based Methods for Neural Rehabilitation,” in IEEE Access, Vol. 11, pp. 114155114171, 2023.
  13. J. S. Huseein, “Design and Implementation of Artificial Upper Limbs Based on Arabic Speech Words,” Kerbala Journal for Engineering Science, Vol. 0, Issue 2, pp. 68-81, 2020. https://kjes.uokerbala.edu.iq/article_167156.html
  14. A. D. Abdul-nafa, S. S. Ahmed, Y. Ahmed, and O. M. Alsaydia, “Control Robotic Hand Depending on Voice Commands and IoT,” Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Vol. 15, Issue 3, pp. 288-295, 2023.
  15. N. Beauchamp, S. Chen, and M. Zhang, “Pressure Detection: Improving Prosthetics Efficacy,” Final Report for ECE 445, Senior Design, Fall 2017, Project No. 21, 13 December 2017. https://www.seas.upenn.edu/~sihaoc/asset/senior-projectreport.pdf
  16. C. Ge, B. Yang, L. Wu, Z. Duan, Y. Li, X. Ren, L. Jiang, and J. Zhang, “Capacitive sensor combining proximity and pressure sensing for accurate grasping of a prosthetic hand,” ACS Applied Electronic Materials, Vol. 4, Issue 2, pp. 869-877, 2022.
  17. J. Tabor, T. Agcayazi, A. Fleming, B. Thompson, A. Kapoor, M. Liu, et. al., “Textile-Based Pressure Sensors for Monitoring Prosthetic-Socket Interfaces,” in IEEE Sensors Journal, Vol. 21, Issue 7, pp. 9413-9422, 2021.
  18. S. Micera, J. Carpaneto, and S. Raspopovic, “Control of hand prostheses using peripheral information,” IEEE Reviews in Biomedical Engineering (R-BME), Vol. 3, pp. 48-68, 2010.
  19. R. Kõiva, E. Riedenklau, C. Viegas and C. Castellini, “Shape Conformable High Spatial Resolution Tactile Bracelet for Detecting Hand and Wrist Activity,” 2015 IEEE International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics (ICORR), Singapore, pp. 157-162, 2015.
  20. Keyestudio Thin-film Pressure Sensor for Arduino. https://www.keyestudio.com/products/keyestudio-thinfilm-pressure-sensor-for-arduino
  21. Standard Servo-TowerPro SG-5010-5010, adafruit. https://www.adafruit.com/product/155
  22. LED 1 × 5 Matrix Array 5 Key Membrane Switch Keypad Keyboard for Arduino, alexnld. https://alexnld.com/product/led-1x5-matrix-array-5-keymembrane-switch-keypad-keyboard-for-arduino/
  23. Ikram, Ahmed; 3D Printed EMG Prosthetic Hand. https://www.instructables.com/3D-Printed-EMGProsthetic-Hand