Cover
Vol. 14 No. 1 (2014)

Published: January 31, 2014

Pages: 69-86

Original Article

MODELLING OF DEMULSIFICATION PROCESS OF WATER IN CRUDE OIL EMULSION BY NEW DEMULSIFIER

Noor kassem Mohssen 1 Mustafa Al-Faize 1 Salah Abdul Wahab 1
1 Department of chemical Engineering, Engineering College, Basrah University, Basrah, Iraq
History
  • Received: October 31, 2013
  • Available Online: January 31, 2014
DOI

https://doi.org/10.33971/bjes.14.1.7

Abstract

Castor Oil is a natural raw material, used to prepare Brominated Castor Oil (BCO) and quaternary ammonium salt based castor oil (TEt-CO). The two products were tested as demulsifiers and compared with a commercial demulsifier (Chimec2439) by using bottle test method. BCO showed a high ability on water separation efficiency 90% with a dose of 150µl at 120min time settling while TEt- CO showed a low water separation efficiency reached to 10%. The effect of the demulsifier BCO was tested by varying different variables which have an obvious effect on water separation efficiency such as: dose, temperature, time of mixing emulsion, pH and salinity of aqueous phase of emulsion, and water ratio. The effect of some additives (i.e. methanol, ethanol, xylene and toluene) on the efficiency of the BCO was tested for the purpose of enhancing its effectiveness to break the crude oil emulsion. The experimental data obtained by using BCO were formulated as a model using the Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) to evaluating the water separation efficiency. Multi-layer perceptron artificial neural network was developed based on the collected data of this study. The results showed that the training algorithm of back propagation (BP) is sufficient enough in predicting BCO efficiency under different operation conditions. It was found that the correlation coefficient values are 0.9995 and 0.9999 for the testing and training data, respectively and the mean square error (MSE) was 6.18*10^-5 at 200 epochs.

Keywords

References

  1. Kokal, S.L., "Petroleum Engineering Handbook," Saudi Aramco, Crude Oil Emulsions-Chapter 12, Vol. I, pp. 534- 570, 2003.
  2. Luma, H. M., "Demulsifiers for Simulated Basrah Crude Oil," M.Sc. Thesis, University of Technology, Baghdad, Iraq, 2010.
  3. Ramalho, J.B. et al., " The Influence of Some Interfacial Properties of peo-b-ppo Copolymers on Dewatering of Water-in-Oil Asphaltene Model Emulsions" Journal of Chemistry & Chemical Technology, Vol. 3, No.1, pp. 53-58, 2009.
  4. Batista, J. and Ramalho, V.S., "Effect of the Structure of Commercial PolyEthylene Oxide- b-Propylene Oxide Demulsifier Bases on The Demulsification of Water-in-Crude Oil Emulsions: Elucidation of the Demulsification Mechanism," Quim. Nova, Vol. 33, No. 8, pp. 1664-1670, 2010.
  5. Nour, A.H., and Nuraini, M. "Chemical Destabilization on Water in Crude Oil," World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, Vol. 62, pp. 700-704, 2010.
  6. Hanapi, B.M., " Study on Demulsifier formulation for treating Malaysian Crude Oil Emulsion," M.Sc. Thesis, University Technology Malaysia, 2006.
  7. Gadoue, S., “Artificial Neural Networks”, EEE 8005 - Student Directed Learning SDL Industrial Automation Lecture Notes, Newcastle University, School of Electrical, Electronic & Computing Engineering, 1998.
  8. Jha, G. K., “Artificial Neural Networks and Its Applications”, Journal of Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110-012, pp. 41-49, 2007.
  9. Demuth, H., Beale, M. and Hagan, M., “Neural Network Toolbox User’s Guide Ver5”, The Mathworks, Inc., Natick, MA, USA, 2006.
  10. Haykin, S., “Neural Networks – A Comprehensive Foundation”, Second Edition, Prentice Hall, Indian Branch, 1999.
  11. Verma, B., “Fast Training of Multilayer Perceptrons”, Proceedings of IEEE & IASTED, School of Information Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Gold Coast, Queensland 4217, Australia.
  12. Jain, A. K., Mao, J. and Mohiuddin, K, “Artificial Neural Network: A Tutorial”, Journal of IEEE Computer, Vol. 29, No. 2, pp. 31-44, 1996.
  13. Gullu, M., Yilmaz, M. and Yilmaz, I., “Application of Back Propagation Artificial Neural Network for Modelling Local GPS/Levelling Geoid Undulations: A Comparative Study”, TS07C – Geoid and GNSS Heighting, 5239, Turkey, 2011.
  14. Rumelhart, D. and McClelland, J. “Parallel Distributed Processing”, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass, 1986.
  15. Jain, A. K., Mao J. and Mohiuddin K. M., “Artificial Neural Networks: A Tutorial”, Journal of IEEE, 0018-9162/96, pp. 31-44, 1996.
  16. Hema, C. R. et al., “Motor Imagery Signal Classification for a Four State Brain Machine Interface”, International Journalof Biological and Life Sciences, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 76-81, 2007.
  17. Gad, E.M. et al., "Molecular, Surface, Thermodynamic Properties and Biodegradability of Nonionic Surfactants Based on Castor oil," Applied Surfactants Lab., Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Egypt, 2009.
  18. Patel,B.P. et al., "Modified Castor Oil as an Epoxy Resin Curing Agent," E-Journal of Chemistry, Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 11-16, 2004.
  19. Dhaef, H.K. "Preparation, Characterisation and Evaluation of Some Surfactants and Study as Corrosion Inhibitors and Demulsifiers," M.Sc. thesis, Education college, University of Basrah, Iraq, 2009.
  20. Diego, G.L. et. al., "Ionic Liquids as Demulsifiers of Water-in-Crude Oil Emulsions: Study of the Microwave Effect," Energy Fuels, Vol 24, No. 6, pp 3610–3615, 2010.
  21. Al-Hazam, H. A., “Prediction of Corrosion Inhibitor Efficiency of Some Aromatic Vol.14 , No.1 ,2014 Hydrazides and Schiff Bases Compounds by Using ANN”, Journal of Scientific Research, Vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 108-113, 2010.
  22. Djuve, J., Yang, X, Fjellanger, I. J., Sjoblom, J. and Pelizzetti, E, "Chemical Destabilization of Crude Oil Based Emulsions and Asphaltene Stabilized Emulsions," Colloid Polym. Sci., Vol. 279, pp. 232-239, 2001.
  23. Aske, N., " Characterization of Crude Oil Components, Asphaltene Aggregation and Emulsion Stability by means of Near Infrared Spectroscopy and Multivariate Analysis", Ph. D. Thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 2002.
  24. Al-Otaibi, M. et al., " Experimental Investigation of Crude Oil Desalting And dehydration " Journal of Chem. Eng., Comm. College of Engineering and Petroleum, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait, ,190, pp. 65_82, 2003.
  25. Hamadi, A.S., "Study The Effect of Glycols Base Cosolvent Additives on Breaking of Crude Oil Emulsion," Diyala Journal of Engineering Sciences, Vol. 03 , No. 02 , pp. 39-52 , 2010.
  26. Alshehri, A.K., "Modeling and Optimization of Desalting Process in Oil Industry," M.Sc. thesis, Chemical Engineering, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, 2009.